Green sonochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles at varying concentrations of κ-carrageenan
Abstract
A green sonochemical method was developed for preparing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in different concentrations of kappa carrageenan (κ-carrageenan). The κ-carrageenan was used as a natural eco-friendly stabilizer, and ultrasonic irradiation was used as a green reducing agent. The number of Ag-NPs increased with increasing κ-carrageenan concentrations. Formation of Ag/κ-carrageenan was determined by UV-visible spectroscopy where the surface plasmon absorption maximum was observed at 402 to 420 nm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the Ag-NPs are of a face-centered cubic structure. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum indicated the presence of Ag-NPs in κ-carrageenan. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image for the highest concentration of κ-carrageenan showed the distribution of Ag-NPs with an average particle size near to 4.21 nm. Scan electron microscopy (SEM) images illustrated the spherical shape of the Ag-NPs. The use of photo irradiation provides a green and economic feature to this work.
- Publication:
-
Nanoscale Research Letters
- Pub Date:
- July 2015
- DOI:
- 10.1186/s11671-015-0916-1
- Bibcode:
- 2015NRL....10..302E
- Keywords:
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- Green method;
- Ultrasonic irradiation;
- Silver nanoparticles;
- κ-carrageenan;
- Silver nitrate