Potential etiologic and functional implications of genome-wide association loci for human diseases and traits
Abstract
We have developed an online catalog of SNP-trait associations from published genome-wide association studies for use in investigating genomic characteristics of trait/disease-associated SNPs (TASs). Reported TASs were common [median risk allele frequency 36%, interquartile range (IQR) 21%-53%] and were associated with modest effect sizes [median odds ratio (OR) 1.33, IQR 1.20-1.61]. Among 20 genomic annotation sets, reported TASs were significantly overrepresented only in nonsynonymous sites [OR = 3.9 (2.2-7.0), p = 3.5 × 10-7] and 5kb-promoter regions [OR = 2.3 (1.5-3.6), p = 3 × 10-4] compared to SNPs randomly selected from genotyping arrays. Although 88% of TASs were intronic (45%) or intergenic (43%), TASs were not overrepresented in introns and were significantly depleted in intergenic regions [OR = 0.44 (0.34-0.58), p = 2.0 × 10-9]. Only slightly more TASs than expected by chance were predicted to be in regions under positive selection [OR = 1.3 (0.8-2.1), p = 0.2]. This new online resource, together with bioinformatic predictions of the underlying functionality at trait/disease-associated loci, is well-suited to guide future investigations of the role of common variants in complex disease etiology.
- Publication:
-
Proceedings of the National Academy of Science
- Pub Date:
- June 2009
- DOI:
- 10.1073/pnas.0903103106
- Bibcode:
- 2009PNAS..106.9362H
- Keywords:
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- catalog;
- evolution;
- GWAS;
- polymorphism;
- disorders;
- Biological Sciences:Genetics