Perspectives on Space Astronomy

Advances in astrophysical and astronomical data due to space-based recording of energy wavelengths outside of the visible range, from instruments on-board NASA spacecraft are reviewed. Visual, radio, and spectral observations from the earth surface have provided information on the atmospheres of other planets, while higher wavelength radiation is effectively shielded by the earth atmosphere. Sounding rockets enabled the mapping of charged particle and radiation fields surrounding the earth, and NASA programs were devised and managed to form teams of scientists who could work on single study projects for periods of a half-decade or longer. The launch of the Space Telescope by means of the Shuttle will increase astronomical visibility by two orders of magnitude with 0.01 arcsec resolution. Finally, results of X-ray observations using the Einstein Observatory spacecraft are outlined.